Molas and Their Significance in Gunadule Worldview
Kuna Yala: More Than a Destination, a Journey into Tradition
Panama is a country that captivates with its cultural and natural diversity. Among its most extraordinary treasures lies Guna Yala, an autonomous territory along the Caribbean coast made up of over 365 paradisiacal islands and home to the Gunadule community. This indigenous group has preserved its rich cultural heritage, most notably through their iconic molas: textile masterpieces that go beyond decoration to become visual narratives connecting spirituality, tradition, and nature.
In this first article of the Kuna Yala Expedition Education Blog, we invite you to discover the universe of molas, explore the vital role of Gunadule women in their creation, and reflect on how this ancient art continues to inspire us today. Get ready to immerse yourself in a world where traditions thrive, and every mola tells a story worth hearing.
Resguardo Caimán Nuevo, 2019. Fotografías: Sara Ferrari Cortés
An Art Passed Down Through Generations
Molas are far more than vibrant fabrics. For the Gunadule people, each design represents an essential aspect of their worldview. According to their mythological narratives, the art of molas was taught by Nekekiryai, a sacred figure who showed women how to stitch the patterns of the universe into fabric.
These pieces, crafted through a meticulous layering and cutting technique, can be categorized into two main styles:
Naga Molas:
Featuring geometric patterns, they reflect the structure of the universe.
Goaniggadi Molas:
With figurative designs, they tell stories and legends of the Gunadule people.
Each mola is unique, like a fingerprint that showcases the creativity of its maker and her connection to the spiritual world. Molas not only adorn traditional clothing but also serve as symbolic protection against malevolent spirits, reminding the wearer to live in harmony with nature.
The Role of Gunadule Women in Cultural Preservation
Resguardo Caimán Nuevo, 2019. Fotografías: Sara Ferrari Cortés
Guardians of Tradition
In Gunadule society, women are the backbone of cultural preservation. From a young age, girls are taught to create molas as part of their cultural education. This knowledge is not merely technical; it’s deeply intertwined with the transmission of values and spiritual teachings.
The matrilocal system of the Gunadule community places women at the heart of family organization. Important decisions regarding land, education, and household economy often rest in their hands, making them natural leaders. Moreover, Gunadule women are custodians of sacred rituals such as the puberty ceremony, an event that marks a girl’s transition into adulthood.
Tradition Meets Modernity
Despite the challenges posed by globalization, Gunadule women have skillfully adapted their art to modern times. Molas are not only sought after for their artisanal beauty but have also gained international recognition in the fashion and design industries. This demand has provided many Gunadule families with an income source that balances tradition and modernity.
Molas as a Bridge Between Culture and Commerce
The art of molas has transcended Guna Yala’s borders, becoming a cultural symbol of Panama. However, their commercialization brings both opportunities and challenges for the Gunadule community. On the one hand, molas serve as a window through which the world can appreciate Gunadule cultural richness. On the other hand, mass production and imitations threaten to dilute their true value.
At Kuna Yala Expedition, we understand the importance of supporting fair and sustainable trade for molas. That’s why we work directly with Gunadule artisans to ensure each piece is authentic and that the income directly benefits the community. When you purchase a mola during your visit to San Blas, you’re not just taking home a piece of art—you’re carrying a part of the Gunadule spirit.
Experience Gunadule Culture with Kuna Yala Expedition
Can you imagine exploring the islands of San Blas while learning directly from Gunadule women about the history and secrets behind molas? Kuna Yala Expedition invites you to live an authentic and unforgettable experience. Our guides, members of the community, will take you on a journey beyond conventional tourism, connecting you to the cultural and natural roots of Panama.
Your Cultural Adventure Starts Here!
In addition to discovering molas, you’ll have the chance to participate in workshops where you’ll learn to interpret their patterns, enjoy guided walks through lush landscapes, and share in the daily lives of Gunadule families.
This is your opportunity to immerse yourself in a living culture, hear stories passed down through generations, and take home memories that will forever change your perspective on the world.